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- March 24, 2022

demorgan's Law

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ARDUINO
bash
computer-vision
digital logic 101
electronics basics
linux
machine learning
math
others
python

RASPBERRYPI
rf
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HACK AND CLONE CAR KEY FOB, MY EPIC FAILURE...!!

- March 05, 2022

In this blog post i'm sharing my experience on cloning the my car key fob signal and how to do it properly. first things frist the cars now a days comes with a wireless remote key where u get atleast 2 or 3 options like lock,unlocking ,trunk(we call it as dickey!!!).....these options let your car access wirelessly and some cars are completly keyless for even driving. the keys of the cars are actually communicating with certain frequency like 433.xxxMHz or some countries uses 315.xxxMHz...the car companies uses an algorithm called " ROLLING CODES "...these are not that esay to crack cause they change every time u press key and once the key transmitted it cannot be used again... but a hacker named "samy kamakar" demonstrated an attack called REPLAY ATTACK where u simply transmitt the signal by recording the key fob away from car or blocking the signal and then recording. so this is how i've tried it..frist i needed to listen to the signals as possible in 10KHz

HACK HC-05(BLUETOOTH MODULE) FRIMWARE INTO HID FRIMWARE

- May 09, 2021

This post helps you to change the firmware of the hc05 Bluetooth chip into hid enabled Bluetooth chip. The HID stands for “HUMAN INTERFACE DEVICES” means things like your keyboard, mouse, printer, joysticks, etc.. Drivers get automatically installed in your computer without any external drivers needed. The hc05 default don’t have hid capability but, the chip hc05 uses is same clone of chip RN-42 uses (BC417) , the RN-42 is an HID enabled chip. We gonna swap the firmware’s of rn42 into hc05. [NOTE: this particular hc05 chip comes with serial interface in it if you perform this swap it no longer work as serial Bluetooth chip. If you want you can save the firmware of hc05 and re-swap again to work normal]. That being said what are the things we need to perform this task are: 1. HC05 module for sure (duh!) 2. RN-42 chip {Wait if you are performing this task you must be very enthusiastic in electronics or extremely poor then why the hell you gonna buy an rn42 chip for..

secrets of arduino atmega328p adc

- March 23, 2022

In this tutorials i'm gonna tell you all about the adc present in arduino famous boards like UNO,NANO,MINI....the atmega328p chips consist of the " 10-bit resolution adc " inside the uC. The type of adc is used in is Successive approximation ADC . these are kind are slow but gives good resolution though. let's dig in registers of adc in atmega328p. To read analog input we need The reg " ADMUX ". T he adc reg have a Pin called AREF (adc reference voltage). The gives 10-bit number i.e 0-1023, 0-0V & 1023-5V. it measures using this formula Vin = (Analog Ref * analogRead() ) / 1024 we need stable AREF voltage we can use internal 1.1V reference or we need to provide a stable voltage anywhere between 0.3V-5V externally. [NOTE: if ur are planning to provide external voltage to aref pin present on arduino uno,nano,mini, the recommended value is less than 5v to be safe on safe side cause the voltage of external 5v source may not be 5v exactly so if it i

1 Best way to add members to Telegram group(2021 using python)

- May 05, 2021

This post for those who want to add members to thier telegram group, which could take forever if we do manually, hence we can automate this take. I 'm using python for this automation. Using the python script called telethon we can add members to the group. T he daliy limit is 200 members. The script adds members with 60-180 sec intervals to avoid bans. you need the following installed in your computer : 1.python 3 (recent one would be better) 2.pip install of python installed(we can enable this option while install python choosing custom install) 3.telethon package installed using pip installer. 4.telegram group api registered in the telegram website. 5.good internet(mandatory) 1.Install python 3 CODE : visit python.org for downloading and installing the windows pacakge. Note: 1.choose the custom installing to enable necessary installers in windows. 2.if you are on the linux or mac python is defaultly installed. just update it. 2. pip installer Note: in linux

"Kernel Panic” error After upgrading Parrot OS

- December 03, 2023

This guide will walk you through the steps of resolving the kernel panic error that you may encounter after upgrading your Parrot OS kernel to version 5.6.0. Step 1: Enter Recovery Mode Restart your computer and enter the GRUB menu by pressing the appropriate key during the boot process. The specific key may vary depending on your computer's manufacturer and BIOS settings. Common keys include F2, F10, Delete, or Esc. Once in the GRUB menu, select "Advanced Mode" using the arrow keys and press Enter. In the Advanced Mode menu, locate the entry for Parrot OS 6.1 and select "Recovery Mode" using the arrow keys. Press Enter to boot into Recovery Mode. Step 2: Purge Problematic Packages Once in Recovery Mode, log in as root using the default credentials. Open a terminal window by selecting "Drop to root shell prompt" from the Recovery Mode menu.

DIY VOLTMETER USING ARDUINO ADC

- May 15, 2021

This post helps to DIY yourself a high precision multimeter using Arduino. The UNO already comes with an excellent 10-bit ADC which is enough, but I recommend using an external ADC of 16-bit if you want to take it to serious measurement. But you don’t want you use it as replacement for a multimeter, buy a good multimeter instead of it. This Arduino based one is helpful for projects and static voltages that doesn’t change over the time. We can create a voltage divider hence We can measure voltage drop between the divider and hence multiply with resistance to get the VIN. Here I’m using a 1Kohm and 2.2KOHM resistance to measure max voltage of 5V. If want to measure the higher voltage use the following formula to adjust the resistors. Vout = VIN * (R1R2/R1+R2) [NOTE: This voltage “VOUT” should not have to be more than 5v, I recommend VOUT<less than 5V is safe to use]. Sounds easy because it is, but V_IN cannot be measure hence we need ADC to do trick, the 10-bit adc can mea

PYSERIAL WITH ARDUINO(comms with arduino from pc)

- February 05, 2022

In this post we're gonna learn about "pyserial" python language library package to communicate or log data from arduino to pc (or) we can get rid of the serial port of arduino.H ence we do the same as we do in serial monitor. the module can be installed using pip for linux: " sudo python -m pip install pyserial" for windows : " pip install pyserial" here is a small arduino skecth for reading from terminal or cmd from arduino serial port code: import serial as sl #importing the serial lib as name sl import time mon = '/dev/ttyACM0' #declearing a variable for port name baud = 9600 #defining baud rate arduino = serial . Serial(mon, baud, timeout =. 1 ) while True : mon = arduino . readline() print ( 'the read data:,mon' ) #printing message for reading data from serial here is the python file for data loging code: import serial arduino_port = "/dev/ttyACM0" #serial port of Arduino ba

THE CODE2 FOR SENSORS FOR DOMESTIC ROBOT......

- May 20, 2017

//THE CODE2 FOR SENSORS FUNCTIONING // lowest and highest sensor readings: const int sensorMin = 0; // sensor minimum const int sensorMax = 1024; // sensor maximum int val = 0; #define led 13 #define l1 11 #define l2 8 #define buz 10 const int buzzerPin = 9; const int songLength = 18; int tempo = 113; int beats[] = {1,1,1,1,1,1,4,4,2,1,1,1,1,1,1,4,4,2}; char notes[] = "cdfda ag cdfdg gf "; // a space represents a rest void setup() { // initialize serial communication @ 9600 baud: pinMode(buzzerPin, OUTPUT); Serial.begin(9600); pinMode(led, OUTPUT); } int frequency(char note) { // This function takes a note character (a-g), and returns the // corresponding frequency in Hz for the tone() function. int i; const int numNotes = 8; // number of notes we're storing // The following arrays hold the note characters and their // corresponding frequencies. The last "C" note is uppercase // to separate it from

GOD vs NO GOD - And the Winner Is?

- July 10, 2017

SWITCHING SIMPLE LOADS! AND SOME HEAVY LOADS?

- May 06, 2021

This post helps you to understand when to use BJT’s. Transistors are one of the best invention that changed the human life, computer uses transistors to work and every sequential logic boards also. But we are interested in using transistors for switching! Heavy loads. Basic functioning of transistor is Switching ON and OFF electronically, this is useful to turn devices or circuit on or off. So this transistors best variants are BJT’s and MOSFET’s, we going to discuss about BJT’s today. BJT stands for "BIPOLAR JUNCTION TRANSISTOR" which is also like DIODE but can be used to switch heavy loads with CURRENT control . The bjt’s are 2 types 1) N_TYPE 2) P_TYPE we are going to discuss about N_TYPE today. It is true Mosfet’s can reduce the power dissipation up to 20%, also they can be controlled with voltage unlike current control it is easy, BUT there exist another variants of bjt which is Power transistors(Darlington pair) , which can control the heavy and be